【WebGL之巅】07-绘制三角形

By yesmore on 2021-07-25
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对应《WebGL编程指南》代码:07-HelloTriangle

要点:缓冲区对象、gl.drawArrays

复习:【WebGL之巅】06-绘制三个点

参考:《WebGL编程指南》p82~84讲解

实例

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>set first triangle</title>
</head>
<body onload="main()">
<canvas id="webgl" width="400" height="400">
Please use the browser supporting "canvas".
</canvas>

<script src="../lib/webgl-utils.js"></script>
<script src="../lib/webgl-debug.js"></script>
<script src="../lib/cuon-utils.js"></script>
<script src="HelloTriangle.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
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// HelloTriangle.js
// 顶点着色器程序
var VSHADER_SOURCE =
'attribute vec4 a_Position;'+
'void main(){'+
'gl_Position=a_Position;'+
// 'gl_PointSize=10.0;'+ // 修改1 绘制单个点时起作用
'}';

// 片元着色器程序
var FSHADER_SOURCE=
'void main(){'+
'gl_FragColor = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);'+
'}';

function main() {
// 获取canvas元素
var canvas = document.getElementById("webgl");
if(!canvas){
console.log("Failed to retrieve the <canvas> element");
return;
}

// 获取WebGL绘图上下文
var gl = getWebGLContext(canvas);
if(!gl){
console.log("Failed to get the rendering context for WebGL");
return;
}

// 初始化着色器
if(!initShaders(gl,VSHADER_SOURCE,FSHADER_SOURCE)){
console.log("Failed to initialize shaders.");
return;
}

// 设置顶点位置
var n = initVertexBuffers(gl);
if (n < 0) {
console.log('Failed to set the positions of the vertices');
return;
}


// 指定清空<canvas>颜色
gl.clearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);

// 清空<canvas>
gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

// 修改2 绘制三角形
gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, n); // 三角形
// gl.drawArrays(gl.LINE_LOOP, 0, n); // 三角框
}

function initVertexBuffers(gl) {
var vertices = new Float32Array([
0.0, 0.5, -0.5, -0.5, 0.5, -0.5
]);
var n=3; // 点的个数

// 创建缓冲区对象
var vertexBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
if(!vertexBuffer){
console.log("Failed to create thie buffer object");
return -1;
}

// 将缓冲区对象保存到目标上
gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer);

// 向缓存对象写入数据
gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, vertices, gl.STATIC_DRAW);

var a_Position = gl.getAttribLocation(gl.program, 'a_Position');
if(a_Position < 0){
console.log("Failed to get the storage location of a_Position");
return -1;
}

// 将缓冲区对象分配给a_Postion变量
gl.vertexAttribPointer(a_Position, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0);

// 连接a_Postion变量与分配给它的缓冲区对象
gl.enableVertexAttribArray(a_Position);

return n;
}

效果

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